Oil burner



Nov. 10, 1931. "r. B. STILLMAN OIL BURNER Original Filed Nov. 21, 1925 5N O I 4 E T M M Mm I I MMH 0 ,III Y I Q a M 7 297/1111 g V I II IIIII IIII IIII N ink Patented Nov. 10, 1931 UNITED STATES PATENT FFICETHOMASB. STILLMAN, OF SOUTI-I ORANGE, NEW JERSEY, 'ASSIGNOR TO THEBAIBOOCK WILCOX COMPANY, OF BAYONNE, NEW JERSEY, A CORPORATION OF NEWJERSEY OIL BURNER Application filed November 21, 1925, Serial No.70,459. Renewed April 7, 1931.

My present invention relates to improvements in oil burners, andparticularly to arrangements by which the capacity of such burners maybe varied over large ranges. My invention will bebest understood fromthe following description and the annexed drawings, in which Fig. 1 is aside elevation, partly in section, of an illustrative embodiment of myinvention, the section portion of.

Fig. 1 being taken on the line'11 of Fig. 2,'and Fig. 2 is a section onthe line 22 of Fig. 1, but with .the oil spraying device removed. 4 gLike reference characters indicate like parts in the different views.

In the illustrative embodiment, I have shown my invention as it would beapplied to a locomotive fire box. the front furnace wall 10 of which issupplied with the usual fire opening. On the front of the wall 10 and atthe left of Fig. 1, I have shown a wellknown form of air register 11having a bladed cone 12, these parts being, for example, such as isshown in the patent to, Peabody and Stillman. 1,261,281, granted April2. 1918. Mounted in the air register is an oil supply pipe 13. on.theend of which is mounteda fuel-spraying device I l and an air impellerplate 15, this'latter also being the arrangement shown in the Peabodyand Stillman patent referred to above.

To the right of the furnace wall 10 in Fig. 1 and, therefore. on thefurnace chamber side of the wall is an air duct 16, made, as shown bestin Fig. 2. concentric with the center of the opening inthe wall 10 andwith its lower portion narrowed to connect to' any suitable source ofsupply of combustion air.

' Vithin the duct 16 is a casing 17 extending across the duct 16 fromits front to its rear wall and also concentric with the furnace wallopening. this casing 17 being provided with angularly disposed vanes 17and angularly disposed air inlet openings or slots 18 in the peripheryof the casing betweenthe vanes or blades 17 and preferably, with oneof-these inlets 18 at the base of each. of the vanes 17. The-duct 16is.provided at its rear ,with a. cone-shaped portion 19 w an extendsreferred to, so that the nozzle 14 and the impeller 15 can be moved froman operative made adjustable longitudiposition in relation to, thebladed cone 12,

such as is shown in the said Peabodyand Stillman patent, and also may bemoved to the position shown in Fig. 1.

The arrangement whic is particularly adapted for large variations in theamount of oil to be burned under different operating conditions.

When asmall amount of oil only is to be burned, then the nozzle 14 isdrawn back to a position within the bladed cone 12 and the air supplythrough the duct 16 is shut off in any suitable manner. In thisposition, the burner will operate in the same manner as the burner shownin'the said Peabody and Stillman patent; With the parts in thisposition, however, the amount of air which could h I have described begotten through thebladed cone 12, because duct 16.- The air from theduct 16 passes through each of the inlets 18 and is whirled by theblades 17 and also directed into the' cone of oil sprav by thefrusto-conical shape of .the casing 17. It will be, understood, of

course, that, if desired, combustion air will also be admitted throughthe register 11..

With this arrangement, the amount of oil passing through the nozzle14:may be increased many times over the amount passing through thenozzle when the latter is in its left-hand position in Fig. 1 and, atthe same time. sufficient combustion air will be sup-- plied through theduct 16 to combine with this increased amount of oil and the airmoreover assing p will be thoroughly'mixed with the spray by of' theincreased volume of oil and air within 1 the casing 17'. When the nozzleis within the cone 12, air will be supplied thereto through the register11 in the usual way, and when the nozzle is moved to a position withinthe casing 17', this same air may be used and supplemented by airthrough the duct 16, or air from the duct 16 may be suppliedinsuflicient volume to provide complete combustion. The source .of airsupply and the rate at which it is supplied'may be varied asfounddesirable. In any case, there is provided apassage with portions ofdifferent crosssection, in either of which portions the nozzle may belocated. Each portion is provided with the usual air-deflecting blades,and the portions are made of sufficient size to give thorough mixture ofoil and air, under certaln operating conditions. By this arrangement,the nozzle may be moved from one portion to the other, depending uponwhich operating condition is controlling at the time, and in thatportion are provided the necessary space and blades for propercooperation with the nozzle.

This burner is especially useful in connection with furnaces in whichthe doors are so small that an insufficient amount of air will passthrough thes'ame'for combustion purposes, thus limiting the capacity ofthe burners because of lack of air. In many locomotive boilers, forexample, the most of the air for combustion enters through a hole inthe-floor of the furnace. The burner described herein is adapted to utilizethe air so introduced into a furnace for combustion of the oil at a veryhigh rate.

It will be understood that the arrangement which I have shown-is merelyillustrative and that the embodiment of my invention may be widelyvaried. It will also be understood that some of the features of myinvention may be used independently of other features, V

I claim:

1. In an oil burner, an oil-spraying nozzle,

'a casing surrounding said nozzle, the peripheryof said casing being ofa generally frustoconical shape with the small-endtowardtheh furnacechamber, vanes inside said casing and disposed at an angle to the axisof said nozzle, said casing having air inlets in the walls thereofbetween said vanes, and a duct of supply air to said inlets.

2. In combination, a furnace wall having an opening therein,'an airregister on the exterior of the wall, a bladed cone extending from saidair register into said opening, a bladed casing inside said wall andextending casing.

said inlets, and an oil-spraying nozzle mounted to be moved from aposition within said bladed cone to a position within said bladed M 3.In combination, a'furnace wall having an opening therein, anoil-spraying nozzle, means to direct air flowing into said opening in ahelical'path around ,said nozzle, an air duct leading into said furnaceand discharging inside the furnace adjacent the opening,

-means whereby said nozzle may be moved into said duct, and meanstodirect the air en-fl tering said duct in a helical path around saidnozzle.

4. In combmation, a furnace having an opening in a wall thereof andthrough which air may enter the furnace, an air duct having itsdischarge end within the furnace adjacent said opening, an oil-sprayingnozzle movable to a position within said opening or to a position atsaid discharge end of the duct, and plates disposed in said opening andat said discharge end of the duct to give a whirling motion to airpassing therethrough.

5. In combination, a furnace having an opening in awall thereof throughwhich air may enter the furnace, an air duct having its discharge enddisposed within the furnace and concentric with said opening, saiddischarge end being arranged to discharge air towards the axis of theopening substantially parallel to said wall, and an oil-spraying nozzlemovable to a position within said opening or to a position within saiddischar end of the duct.

6. In combination, a furnace having an opening in a wall thereof throughwhich'air may enter the furnace, an air duct disposed within saidfurnace adjacent the wall and arranged to discharge air towards the axisof said opening in a direction substantially parallel to the wall, andan oil spraying nozzle mounted substantially on the axis of said openingand movable to a position within said' .tion, air-deflecting blades ineach of said portions. and means whereby said nozzle may be moved toposition in either of said portions and into cooperative relation .withsaid blades."

8. In combination, an oil spraying nozzle, means forming a passage forair along the axis of the nozzle, said passage having a portion ofrelatively small cross-section and another portion of relatively largecross-section, air-deflecting blades in each of said portions, meanswhereby said nozzle may be nsaoma moved to position in either of saidportions and into cooperative relation with said blades, and means forsupplying additional air to said portion of large cross-section.

9. In combination, an oil spraying nozzle means forming a passage alongthe axis the nozzle, said passage having a portion of relatively smallcross-section and another portion of relatively large cross-section, airdeflecting blades in each of said portions,

means whereby said nozzle may be moved to position in either of saidportions and into cooperative relation ,with said blades, and means forsupplying air to each of said portions.

THOMAS B. STILLMAN.

